University of Manitoba · Winnipeg, CanadaInstitute for Minimal Access Surgical Sciences
IMASS — Institute for Minimal Access Surgical Sciences

Publications

Evidence, shared.

Explore the IMASS publication record across clinical care, surgical education, and simulation.

81 publications

  1. 2026

    Edye-Mazowita A, He W, Duhamel TA, Hardy K, Vergis A. ENCOURAGEing Start: A quasi-experimental trial on pre-op physical activity intervention for bariatric surgery candidates. Obes Sci Pract. 2026. In press. doi: 10.1002/osp4.70179.

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  2. 2026

    He W, Ong J, Maglanque P, Gillman L, Zheng B, Unger B, Hardy K, Vergis A. A multimodal analysis of correlations between the NASA task load index, facial expressions, and eye tracking with procedure time among novice endoscopists. Laparosc Endosc Robot Surg. 2026;9(2):75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.lers.2026.04.003.

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  3. 2025

    Penta R, Harutyunyan R, He W, Vergis A, Hardy K. Does Surgical Simulation Improve Hand-Sewn Bowel Anastomosis Skill Acquisition? A Systematic Review. J Surg Res. 2025 Oct;314:589-598. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2025.07.055.

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  4. 2025

    Connell M, He W, Dharmasena I, Prior HJ, Vergis A, Hardy K. Impact of socioeconomic status and urbanicity on healthcare utilization following bariatric surgery: a Canadian population-based cohort study. Surg Endosc. 2025 Oct;39(10):6874-6880. doi: 10.1007/s00464-025-12047-y.

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  5. 2025

    Ong J, He W, Maglanque P, Jiang X, Gillman LM, Vergis A, Hardy K. A Preprocessing Pipeline for Pupillometry Signal from Multimodal iMotion Data. Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jul 31;25(15):4737. doi: 10.3390/s25154737.

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  6. 2025

    Hardy K, Leung C, Seto J, Tewes S, He W, Vergis A. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery and next-day discharge after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Can J Surg. 2025 Jul 10;68(4):E274-E280. doi: 10.1503/cjs.012923.

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  7. 2025

    He W, Maglanque P, Hardy K, Malaso E, Zheng B, Vergis A. Comparing the validity and reliability of different teamwork assessment tools within a surgical context. Journal of Surgical Simulation. 2025 Jul 9;12:10-22. doi: 10.1102/2051-7726.2025.0002.

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  8. 2025

    Robertson RL, Johnson GGRJ, Vergis A, Karimuddin A, Phang T, Raval M, Brown C. Post-transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) syndrome: a constellation of symptoms resulting from localized inflammatory changes after TEM. Can J Surg. 2025 Feb 26;68(1):E73-E79. doi: 10.1503/cjs.012223.

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  9. 2024

    Forbes H, He W, Dharmasena I, Prior HJ, Vergis A, Hardy K. Bariatric surgery decreases prescription drug costs for metabolic syndrome: a Canadian population-based cohort study. Surg Endosc. 2024 Dec;38(12):7604-7612. doi: 10.1007/s00464-024-11144-8.

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  10. 2024

    Whyte M, Fowler-Woods M, Fowler-Woods A, Shingoose G, Hatala A, Daeninck F, Vergis A, Clouston K, He W, Hardy K. Sacred Sharing Circles: Urban Indigenous Experience with Bariatric Surgery in Manitoba. Obes Surg. 2024 Sep;34(9):3348-3357. doi: 10.1007/s11695-024-07405-z.

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  11. 2024

    Lee Y, Hircock C, Dang J, Jung J, Zevin B, Elnahas A, Khamar J, Vergis A, Tahir U, Hardy K, Samarasinghe Y, Gill R, Gu J, McKechnie T, Pescarus R, Biertho L, Lam E, Neville A, Ellsmere J, Karmali S, Jackson T, Okrainec A, Doumouras A, Kroh M, Hong D. Assessment of guidelines for bariatric and metabolic surgery: a systematic review and evaluation using appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation II (AGREE II). Int J Obes (Lond). 2024 Sep;48(9):1193-1204. doi: 10.1038/s41366-024-01559-7.

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  12. 2024

    Alqahtani A, Almayouf M, Butt A, Bawahab MA, Billa S, Maqsood B, Vergis A. Correction: Midterm Outcome of Early Pregnancy Versus Late Pregnancy After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2024 Jun;34(6):2282. doi: 10.1007/s11695-024-07261-x. Erratum for: Obes Surg. 2024 May;34(5):1630-1638. doi: 10.1007/s11695-024-07160-1.

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  13. 2024

    Alqahtani A, Almayouf M, Butt A, Bawahab MA, Billa S, Maqsood B, Vergis A. Midterm Outcome of Early Pregnancy Versus Late Pregnancy After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2024 May 6. doi: 10.1007/s11695-024-07261-x.

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  14. 2024

    Whyte M, Daeninck F, Linton J, Fowler-Woods M, Fowler-Woods A, Shingoose G, Vergis A, He W, Hardy K. Experiences and Outcomes of Indigenous Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Mixed-Method Scoping Review. Obes Surg. 2024 Apr;34(4):1343-1357. doi: 10.1007/s11695-024-07089-5.

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  15. 2024

    Roy H, Johnson G, Singh H, Hyun E, Moffatt D, Vergis A, Helewa R. Implementation of Synoptic Reporting for Endoscopic Localization of Complex Colorectal Neoplasms. Cureus. 2024 Feb 19;16(2):e54480. doi: 10.7759/cureus.54480.

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  16. 2023

    Wu TCH, He W, Dharmasena I, Prior HJ, Vergis A, Hardy K. Prescription drug usage as measure of comorbidity resolution after bariatric surgery: a population-based cohort study. Surg Endosc. 2023 Nov;37(11):8601-8610. doi: 10.1007/s00464-023-10294-5.

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  17. 2023

    Johnson GGRJ, Vergis A, Singh H, Park J, Warriach A, Helewa RM. Recommendations for Optimal Endoscopic Localization of Colorectal Neoplasms: A Delphi Consensus of National Experts. Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 Aug 1;66(8):1118-1131. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002441.

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  18. 2023

    Johnson GGRJ, Robertson RL, Vergis A, Raval M, Phang T, Karimuddin A, Brown C. Oncological Outcomes of Transanal Endoscopic Surgery for the Surgical Management of T2 and T3 Rectal Cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 Jul 1;66(7):1012-1021. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002617.

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  19. 2022

    Johnson GGRJ, Robertson RL, Vergis A. Quality indicators for operative reporting in transanal endoscopic surgery. Can J Surg. 2022 Sep 7;65(5):E599-E604. doi: 10.1503/cjs.020021.

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  20. 2022

    Hardy K, Anistratov A, He W, Daeninck F, Gu J, Vergis A. Response to “Comment on “Virtual Care for Bariatric Patient During COVID-19 Pandemic””. Obes Surg. 2022 Aug;32(8):2785. doi: 10.1007/s11695-022-06071-3.

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  21. 2022

    Hardy K, Kwok K, Bouchard DR, Bharti N, Gamey D, Vergis A. Impact of a Preoperative Exercise Program on General Fitness in Patients Awaiting Bariatric Surgery: A Pilot Randomized Trial. Cureus. 2022 Feb 24;14(2):e22566. doi: 10.7759/cureus.22566.

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  22. 2022

    Hardy K, Anistratov A, He W, Daeninck F, Gu J, Vergis A. Bariatric Patient Experience with Virtual Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Obes Surg. 2022 Mar;32(3):940-943. doi: 10.1007/s11695-021-05823-x.

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  23. 2022

    Johnson GGRJ, Park J, Vergis A, Gillman LM, Rivard JD. Contextual interference for skills development and transfer in laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc. 2022 Sep;36(9):6377-6386. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08946-5.

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  24. 2022

    Lowry B, Johnson GGRJ, Vergis A. Merged virtual reality teaching of the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc. 2022 Sep;36(9):6368-6376. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08939-4.

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  25. 2023

    Hershorn O, Park J, Singh H, Restall GJ, Clouston KM, Vergis AS, Helewa RM. Variability in Communication and Reporting Practices Between Gastroenterologists and General Surgeons Contributes to Repeat Preoperative Endoscopy for Colorectal Neoplasms: A Qualitative Analysis. Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 Jan 1;66(1):155-162. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002213.

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  26. 2021

    Edwards K, Johnson G, Bednarz J, Hardy K, McKay A, Vergis A. Long-Term Outcomes of Elderly Patients Managed Without Early Cholecystectomy After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and Sphincterotomy for Choledocholithiasis. Cureus. 2021 Oct 27;13(10):e19074. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19074.

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  27. 2022

    Vergis A, Johnson GGRJ, Hardy K, Gu J, Sharples A, Stogryn S. Development of consensus-derived quality indicators for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy operative reports. Surg Endosc. 2022 Jul;36(7):4969-4976. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08853-9.

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  28. 2021

    Johnson G, Vergis A, Unger B, Park J, Gillman L. Design and Validity Evidence for a Unique Endoscopy Simulator Using a Commercial Video Game. Cureus. 2021 Sep 29;13(9):e18379. doi: 10.7759/cureus.18379.

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  29. 2022

    Hershorn O, Park J, Singh H, Clouston K, Vergis A, Helewa RM. Rates and predictors of repeat preoperative endoscopy for elective colorectal resections: how can we avoid repeated procedures? Surg Endosc. 2022 Jun;36(6):4115-4123. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08733-2.

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  30. 2021

    Stogryn S, Johnson GGRJ, Okrainec A, Jackson T, Vergis A. Outcomes from Explantation of Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band: Experience from a Canadian Bariatric Center of Excellence. Obes Surg. 2021 Nov;31(11):4933-4938. doi: 10.1007/s11695-021-05676-4.

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  31. 2022

    Johnson GGRJ, Singh H, Vergis A, Park J, Hershorn O, Hochman D, Helewa RM. Repeat preoperative endoscopy after regional implementation of electronic synoptic endoscopy reporting: a retrospective comparative study. Surg Endosc. 2022 May;36(5):2886-2895. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08580-1.

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  32. 2020

    Vergis A, Leung C, Roberston R. Rater Training in Medical Education: A Scoping Review. Cureus. 2020 Nov 6;12(11):e11363. doi: 10.7759/cureus.11363.

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  33. 2020

    Hampton L, Brindley P, Kirkpatrick A, McKee J, Regehr J, Martin D, LaPorta A, Park J, Vergis A, Gillman L. Strategies to improve communication in telementoring in acute care coordination: a scoping review. Can J Surg. 2020 Nov 30;63(6):E569-E577. doi: 10.1503/cjs.015519.

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  34. 2021

    Hershorn O, Park J, Singh H, Clouston K, Vergis A, Helewa RM. Predictors and rates of prior endoscopic tattoo localization amongst individuals undergoing elective colorectal resections for benign and malignant lesions. Surg Endosc. 2021 Oct;35(10):5524-5530. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-08048-8.

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  35. 2020

    Hardy K, Zmudzinski M, Fowler-Woods M, Shingoose G, Fowler-Woods A, Daeninck F, Hatala A, Vergis A. Decolonising qualitative research to explore the experiences of Manitoba’s urban Indigenous population living with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and bariatric surgery. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 1;10(10):e036595. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036595.

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  36. 2020

    Lowry B, Hardy K, Vergis A. Iron deficiency in bariatric surgery patients: a single-centre experience over 5 years. Can J Surg. 2020 Aug 19;63(4):E365-E369. doi: 10.1503/cjs.001818.

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  37. 2020

    Enani G, Bilgic E, Lebedeva E, Delisle M, Vergis A, Hardy K. The incidence of iron deficiency anemia post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: a systematic review. Surg Endosc. 2020 Jul;34(7):3002-3010. doi: 10.1007/s00464-019-07092-3.

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  38. 2020

    Robertson RL, Vergis A. Synoptic Operative Reporting: Documentation of Quality of Care Data for Rectal Cancer Surgery. Am Surg. 2020 Mar 1;86(3):184-189. PMID: 32223795.

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  39. 2020

    Gu J, Vergis A. Diabetes improvement and bariatric surgery-review of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass vs. laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Ann Transl Med. 2020 Mar;8(Suppl 1):S10. doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.47.

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  40. 2020

    El-Beheiry M, Vergis A, Choi JU, Clouston K, Hardy K. A survey of primary care physician referral to bariatric surgery in Manitoba: access, perceptions and barriers. Ann Transl Med. 2020 Mar;8(Suppl 1):S3. doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.69.

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  41. 2020

    Robertson RL, Park J, Gillman L, Vergis A. The impact of rater training on the psychometric properties of standardized surgical skill assessment tools. Am J Surg. 2020 Sep;220(3):610-615. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.01.019.

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  42. 2019

    Sharples AJQ, Mullan M, Hardy K, Vergis A. Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on pharmacologic dependence in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Can J Surg. 2019 Aug 1;62(4):259-264. doi: 10.1503/cjs.005018.

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  43. 2019

    Vergis A, Metcalfe J, Stogryn SE, Clouston K, Hardy K. Impact of acute care surgery on timeliness of care and patient outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. Can J Surg. 2019 Aug 1;62(4):281-288. doi: 10.1503/cjs.010718.

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  44. 2019

    Stogryn S, Hardy KM, Abou-Setta AM, Clouston KM, Metcalfe J, Vergis AS. Advancement in the quality of operative documentation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of synoptic versus narrative operative reporting. Am J Surg. 2019 Sep;218(3):624-630. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.05.003.

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  45. 2019

    Hardy K, Metcalfe J, Clouston K, Vergis A. The Impact of an Acute Care Surgical Service on the Quality and Efficiency of Care Outcome Indicators for Patients with General Surgical Emergencies. Cureus. 2019 Jun 29;11(6):e5036. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5036.

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  46. 2019

    Vergis A, Hardy K, Stogryn S. Fellow and Attending Surgeon Operative Notes are Deficient in Reporting Established Quality Indicators for Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Preliminary Retrospective Analysis of Operative Dictation. Cureus. 2019 Apr 24;11(4):e4535. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4535.

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  47. 2018

    Delisle M, Chernos C, Park J, Hardy K, Vergis A. Canadian general surgery residents’ need formal curricula and objective performance assessments in gastrointestinal endoscopy training: a program director census. Surg Endosc. 2018 Dec;32(12):5012-5020. doi: 10.1007/s00464-018-6364-0.

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  48. 2018

    Robertson RL, Vergis A, Gillman LM, Park J. Effect of rater training on the reliability of technical skill assessments: a randomized controlled trial. Can J Surg. 2018 Oct 1;61(6):15917. doi: 10.1503/cjs.015917.

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  49. 2018

    Vergis A, Steigerwald S. Skill Acquisition, Assessment, and Simulation in Minimal Access Surgery: An Evolution of Technical Training in Surgery. Cureus. 2018 Jul 12;10(7):e2969. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2969.

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  50. 2018

    Leung C, Lucas A, Brindley P, Anderson S, Park J, Vergis A, Gillman LM. Followership: A review of the literature in healthcare and beyond. J Crit Care. 2018 Aug;46:99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2018.05.001.

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  51. 2018

    Stogryn SE, Hardy K, Mullan MJ, Park J, Andrew C, Vergis A. Synoptic operative reporting: assessing the completeness, accuracy, reliability, and efficiency of synoptic reporting for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2018 Apr;32(4):1729-1739. doi: 10.1007/s00464-017-5855-8.

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  52. 2017

    Vergis A, Steigerwald. A Preliminary Investigation of General and Technique-specific Assessments for the Evaluation of Laparoscopic Technical Skills. Cureus. 2017, Oct 7; 9(10): e1757. doi:10.7759/cureus.1757.

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  53. 2017

    Paula Ferrada, MD, FACS, Sakran J,, MD, MPH, MPA, FACS, Joe Dubose, MD, FACS, Ashley Vergis, MD, FACS, Gregory Peck, DO, FACS, Adnan A. Alseidi, MD, EdM, FACS, Jacob Moalem, MD, FACS, Girma Tefera, MD, FACSTurner P. Above and beyond: A primer for young surgeons interested in global surgery. BULLETIN American College of Surgeons. 2017 Feb;102(2):33-8.

  54. 2017

    Rioux BV, Sénéchal M, Kwok K, Fox J, Gamey D, Bharti N, Vergis A, Hardy K, Bouchard DR. Association Between Physical Activity Intensity and Physical Capacity Among Individuals Awaiting Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg. 2017 May;27(5):1277-1283. doi: 10.1007/s11695-016-2448-x.

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  55. 2017

    Vergis A, Stogryn SE, Mullan MJ, Hardy K. Electronic synoptic reporting: assessing the completeness of synoptic and narrative reports for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2017 Nov;13(11):1863-1868. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.02.027. Epub 2017 Mar 7. PMID: 28433464.

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  56. 2017

    Vergis A and Hardy K. Cognitive and technical skill assessment in surgical education: A changing horizon. Indian Journal of Surgery 2017, Apr 79(2): 153–157.

  57. 2017

    Stogryn S, Hardy K, Vergis A. Bariatric Operative Reporting: Quality Assessment and Perceptions Amongst Bariatric Surgeons. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 2017 Mar;13(3):429-435.

  58. 2017

    Stogryn S, Hardy K, Park J, Vergis A. Development of Consensus-Derived Quality Indicators for Roux en Y Gastric Bypass Surgery. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2017 Feb;13(2):198-203.

  59. 2016

    Moalem J et. Al. Young Surgeons ASpeak Up: Stringent OR restrictions decrease morale without improving outcomes. BULLETIN American College of Surgeons V101 No 10 Oct 2016.

  60. 2016

    Zeiler F, Ziesmann M, Goeres P, Unger B, Park J, Karakitsos D, Blaivas M, Vergis A, Gillman L. A unique method for estimating the reliability learning curve of optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound measurement. Crit Ultrasound J 2016 Dec 8;8(1). Epub 2016 Aug 8.

  61. 2016

    Gillman LM, Brindley P, Paton-Gay JD, Engels PT, Park J, Vergis A, Widder S. Simulated Trauma and Resuscitation Team Training course-evolution of a multidisciplinary trauma crisis resource management simulation course. American Journal of Surgery 2016 July 24;212(1):188-193.

  62. 2016

    Stogryn S, Metcalf J, Vergis A, Hardy K. Does Ultrasound predict intra operative findings at cholecystectomy? An institutional review. Canadian Journal of Surgery 2016 Feb;59(1):12-8.

  63. 2016

    Steigerwald S, Park J, Hardy K, Gillman L, Vergis A. Establishing the concurrent validity of general and technique specific skills assessments in surgical education. American Journal of Surgery. 2016 Jan 31;211(1):268-73.

  64. 2015

    Steigerwald S, Park J, Hardy K, Gillman L, Vergis A. Comparing Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) and LapVR evaluation metrics ability to predict intra-operative performance in a novice cohort using a porcine laparoscopic cholecystectomy porcine model. Med Educ Online 2015 4;20:30024.

  65. 2015

    Nelson E, Vergis A, Biderman M, Hyde G. Evaluating the operative note: A reanalysis of SAFE-OR. The American Surgeon 2015 Dec;81(12):398-9.

  66. 2015

    Ziesmann MT, Park J, Unger B, Kirkpatrick AW, Vergis A, Pham C, Kirschner D, Logsetty S, Gillman LM. Validation of hand motion analysis as an objective assessment tool for the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) examination. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015 Oct;79(4):631-7.

  67. 2015

    Ziesmann MT, Park J, Unger B, Kirkpatrick AW, Vergis A, Pham C, Kirschner D, Logsetty S, Gillman LM, Validation of the quality of ultrasound imaging and competence (QUICk) score as an objective assessment tool for the FAST examination. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015 May; 78(5):1008-13.

  68. 2015

    Vergis A, Steigerwald S, Sullivan P, Bohjani F, Hardy K. Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Intracorporal versus Extracorporal Anastomosis: A Comparison of Short Term Outcomes. Canadian Journal of Surgery. 2015 Feb; 58(1):63-8.

  69. 2015

    Steigerwald S, Park J, Hardy K, Gillman L, Vergis A. Does laparoscopic simulation predict intraoperative performance? A comparison between the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery and LapVR evaluation metrics. American Journal of Surgery 2015 Jan; 209(1): 34-9.

  70. 2015

    Rivard J, Vergis A, Unger B, Hardy K, Andrew C, Gillman L, Park J. The effect of blocked versus random task practice schedules on the acquisition and retention of surgical skills. American Journal of Surgery. 2015 Jan; 209(1): 93-100.

  71. 2014

    Rivard J, Vergis A, Unger B, Hardy K, Andrew C, Gillman L, Park J. Construct validity of individual and summary performance metrics associated with a computer-based laparoscopic simulator. Surgical Endoscopy. 2014 Jun;28(6):1921-8.

  72. 2014

    Hardy KM, Kwong J, Pitzul KB, Vergis A, Jackson TD, Urbach DR, Okrainec A. A cost comparison of laparoscopic and open colon surgery in a publicly funded academic institution. Surgical Endoscopy. 2014 Apr; 28(4): 1213-22.

  73. 2013

    Gillman L and Vergis A. General Surgery Graduates May be Ill Prepared to Enter Rural or Community Surgical Practice. American Journal of Surgery, 2013 Jun; 205(6): 752-7.

  74. 2011

    Qureshi A, Vergis A, Jimenez C, Green J, Pryor A, Schlachta C, Okrainec A. MIS training in Canada: a national survey of general surgery residents. Surgical Endoscopy, 2011; 25(9): 3057-3065.

  75. 2010

    Vergis A and Hardy K. Principles of Assessment: A Primer for Medical Educators in the Clinical Years. Internet Journal of Medical Education, 2010; 1(1).

  76. 2010

    Gillman L, Vergis A, Hardy K, Park J, Taylor M. Resident Training and the Dictated Operative Report – A National Perspective. Canadian Journal of Surgery 2010 August; 53(4): 246-250.

  77. 2010

    Gillman L, Vergis A, Minor S, Park J, Taylor M. Structured Operative Reporting: A Randomized Trial using Dictation Templates to Improve Operative Reporting. American Journal of Surgery 2010 June; 199(6): 846-850.

  78. 2008

    Vergis A, Gillman L, Taylor M, Minor S, Park J. Structured Assessment Format for Evaluating Operative Reports (SAFE-OR) in General Surgery. American Journal of Surgery, 2008 Jan; 195(1): 24-29.

  79. 2007

    Vergis A, Thomson D, Peroni P, Dhalla S. Reprocessing Flexible Gastrointestinal Endoscopes After a Period of Disuse: Is it necessary? Endoscopy, 2007 Aug; 39(8): 737-9.

  80. 2007

    Vergis A, Gillman L, Hardy K, Park J, Taylor M. The Dictated Operative Note: A Survey of Resident Training Perceptions and Experiences. The Internet Journal of Surgery, 2007; 12(1).

  81. 2007

    Vergis A, Preliminary Validation of the “Structured Assessment Format for Evaluating Operative Reports” (SAFE-OR) in Gastrointestinal Surgery. Master of Medical Education Thesis, University of Dundee, April 2007.